diff --git a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap0.h b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap0.h
index 16fef5e1df0731cab4d2b4d92966d7dc8d3f56f3..41c26ea52ff4c578f3d38b835ff44caac504155f 100644
--- a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap0.h
+++ b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap0.h
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ public:
 	 *  To generate or delete cells in a 0-G-map
 	 *************************************************************************/
 
+	//@{
 	/**
 	* create an edge
 	* @return a dart of the edge
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ public:
 	* @param d a dart of the edge
 	*/
 	void deleteEdge(Dart d);
+	//@}
 
 	/*! @name Cell Functors
 	 *  Apply functors to all darts of a cell
diff --git a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.h b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.h
index 2792ff5061986ba452a4565db208eac814dd1843..a974a165efdf981f428e8731b6c32b42eb3cd445 100644
--- a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.h
+++ b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.h
@@ -112,6 +112,13 @@ public:
 	 *************************************************************************/
 
 	//@{
+	//! Link two vertices belonging to distinct faces (add an edge between the two vertices)
+	/*! \pre Dart d and e MUST be different and belong to distinct face
+	 *  @param d first dart in the face
+	 *  @param e second dart in the face
+	 */
+	void linkVertices(Dart d, Dart e);
+
 	//! Cut an edge inserting a new dart between d and its successor in the face
 	/*! @param d the edge to cut
 	 * \image hmtl map1_cutEdge.png
@@ -138,15 +145,6 @@ public:
 	 *  @param e a dart in the second face
 	 */
 	void mergeFaces(Dart d, Dart e);
-
-
-	//! Link two vertices belonging to distinct faces (add an edge between the two vertices)
-	/*! \pre Dart d and e MUST be different and belong to distinct face
-	 *  @param d first dart in the face
-	 *  @param e second dart in the face
-	 */
-	void linkVertices(Dart d, Dart e);
-
 	//@}
 
 	/*! @name Topological Queries
diff --git a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.hpp b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.hpp
index 8196675477837d3069fe7c0bd7e9541b86152e4a..9e1de3f14b7377041cf63bb0f0ff4607de9933ac 100644
--- a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.hpp
+++ b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap1.hpp
@@ -180,6 +180,14 @@ inline void GMap1::phi1unsew(Dart d)
  *  Topological operations on 1-maps
  *************************************************************************/
 
+inline void GMap1::linkVertices(Dart d, Dart e)
+{
+	assert(d != e && !sameOrientedFace(d, e)) ;
+	GMap1::cutEdge(phi_1(d));		// cut the edge before d (insert a new dart before d)
+	GMap1::cutEdge(phi_1(e));		// cut the edge before e (insert a new dart before e)
+	phi1sew(phi_1(d), phi_1(e)) ;	// phi1sew between the 2 new inserted darts
+}
+
 inline void GMap1::cutEdge(Dart d)
 {
    Dart e = newDart();
@@ -236,14 +244,6 @@ inline void GMap1::mergeFaces(Dart d, Dart e)
 	deleteEdge(e) ;
 }
 
-inline void GMap1::linkVertices(Dart d, Dart e)
-{
-	assert(d != e && !sameOrientedFace(d, e)) ;
-	GMap1::cutEdge(phi_1(d));		// cut the edge before d (insert a new dart before d)
-	GMap1::cutEdge(phi_1(e));		// cut the edge before e (insert a new dart before e)
-	phi1sew(phi_1(d), phi_1(e)) ;	// phi1sew between the 2 new inserted darts
-}
-
 /*! @name Cell Functors
  *  Apply functors to all darts of a cell
  *************************************************************************/
diff --git a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap2.h b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap2.h
index 81157ac1f1d9035c911d3fa0c6304acccf530fb4..229e6ab17d9e2383af90d89fadaddd56af05138e 100644
--- a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap2.h
+++ b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap2.h
@@ -113,6 +113,20 @@ public:
 	 */
 	virtual bool deleteVertex(Dart d) ;
 
+	//! Insert an edge after a dart in the vertex orbit
+	/*! \pre Dart d and e MUST be different and belong to distinct face
+	 *  \pre Dart e must be phi2-linked with its phi_1 dart
+	 *  @param d dart of the vertex
+	 *  @param e dart of the edge
+	 */
+	virtual void insertEdgeInVertex(Dart d, Dart e);
+
+	//! Remove an edge from a vertex orbit
+	/*! \pre Dart d must be phi2 sewn
+	 *  @param d the dart of the edge to remove from the vertex
+	 */
+	virtual void removeEdgeFromVertex(Dart d);
+
 	//! Cut the edge of d and its opposite edge if it exists
 	/*! @param d a dart of the edge to cut
 	 */
@@ -151,20 +165,6 @@ public:
 	 */
 	virtual bool flipBackEdge(Dart d);
 
-	//! Insert an edge after a dart in the vertex orbit
-	/*! \pre Dart d and e MUST be different and belong to distinct face
-	 *  \pre Dart e must be phi2-linked with its phi_1 dart
-	 *  @param d dart of the vertex
-	 *  @param e dart of the edge
-	 */
-	virtual void insertEdgeInVertex(Dart d, Dart e);
-
-	//! Remove an edge from a vertex orbit
-	/*! \pre Dart d must be phi2 sewn
-	 *  @param d the dart of the edge to remove from the vertex
-	 */
-	virtual void removeEdgeFromVertex(Dart d);
-
 	//! Sew two faces along an edge (pay attention to the orientation !)
 	/*! \pre Darts d & e MUST be fixed point of phi2 relation
 	 *  @param d a dart of the first face
@@ -234,13 +234,12 @@ public:
 	 */
 	virtual unsigned int closeHole(Dart d);
 
-//	/**
-//	* Mark half of dart defining an orientation
-//	* @param d a dart that belong to the orientation we want to mark
-//	* @return the marker which mark th orientation
-//	*/
-//	DartMarker markCCOrientation(Dart d);
-
+	//! Close the map removing topological holes.
+	/*! Add faces to the map that close every existing hole.
+	 *  These faces are marked.
+	 *  \warning The embeddings of vertices are not updated
+	 *  @param marker
+	 */
 	void closeMap(DartMarker& marker);
 	//@}
 
@@ -248,6 +247,7 @@ public:
 	 *  Return or set various topological information
 	 *************************************************************************/
 
+	//@{
 	//! Test if dart d and e belong to the same oriented vertex
 	/*! @param d a dart
 	 *  @param e a dart
@@ -260,6 +260,16 @@ public:
 	 */
 	bool sameVertex(Dart d, Dart e);
 
+	/**
+	 * compute the number of edges of the vertex of d
+	 */
+	unsigned int vertexDegree(Dart d) ;
+
+	/**
+	 * tell if the vertex of d is on the boundary of the map
+	 */
+	bool isBoundaryVertex(Dart d) ;
+
 	//! Test if dart d and e belong to the same oriented volume
 	/*! @param d a dart
 	 *  @param e a dart
@@ -272,16 +282,6 @@ public:
 	 */
 	bool sameVolume(Dart d, Dart e);
 
-	/**
-	 * compute the number of edges of the vertex of d
-	 */
-	unsigned int vertexDegree(Dart d) ;
-
-	/**
-	 * tell if the vertex of d is on the boundary of the map
-	 */
-	bool isBoundaryVertex(Dart d) ;
-
 	/**
 	 * Check if map is complete
 	 */
diff --git a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap3.h b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap3.h
index 7ed17ea10e6cee3e17612fc75f3614f4f559e1b6..0456b5953a3a1ed358d0feeeb80982957b15bfc4 100644
--- a/include/Topology/gmap/gmap3.h
+++ b/include/Topology/gmap/gmap3.h
@@ -85,13 +85,16 @@ public:
 
 	void phi3unsew(Dart d);
 
-
+	/*! @name Generator and Deletor
+	 *  To generate or delete volumes in a 3-map
+	 *************************************************************************/
 
 	//@{
-	//! Delete a volume of
-	/*! @param d a dart of volume
+	//! Delete a volume erasing all its darts.
+	/*! The phi3-links around the volume are removed
+	 *  @param d a dart of the volume
 	 */
-	void deleteOrientedVolume(Dart d);
+	void deleteVolume(Dart d);
 	//@}
 
 	/*! @name Topological Operators
@@ -99,6 +102,24 @@ public:
 	 *************************************************************************/
 
 	//@{
+	//! Cut the edge of d
+	/*! @param d a dart of the edge to cut
+	 */
+	virtual void cutEdge(Dart d);
+
+	//! Split a face inserting an edge between two vertices
+	/*! \pre Dart d and e should belong to the same face and be distinct
+	 *  @param d dart of first vertex
+	 *  @param e dart of second vertex
+	 *  @return the dart of the new edge lying in the vertex of d after the cut
+	 */
+	virtual void splitFace(Dart d, Dart e);
+
+	//! Unsew the "ear" of the vertex of d
+	/*! @param d a dart
+	 */
+	virtual Dart cutSpike(Dart d);
+
 	//! Sew two oriented volumes along their faces.
 	/*! The oriented faces should not be phi3-linked and have the same length
 	 *  @param d a dart of the first volume
@@ -115,46 +136,8 @@ public:
 	/*! @param d a dart of common face
 	 */
 	bool mergeVolumes(Dart d);
+	//@}
 
-	//! Split a face inserting an edge between two vertices
-	/*! \pre Dart d and e should belong to the same face and be distinct
-	 *  @param d dart of first vertex
-	 *  @param e dart of second vertex
-	 *  @return the dart of the new edge lying in the vertex of d after the cut
-	 */
-	virtual void splitFace(Dart d, Dart e);
-
-	//! Cut the edge of d
-	/*! @param d a dart of the edge to cut
-	 */
-	virtual void cutEdge(Dart d);
-
-
-	//! Collapse an edge (that is deleted) possibly merging its vertices
-	/*! If delDegenerateFaces is true, the method checks that no degenerate
-	 *  faces are build (faces with less than 3 edges). If it occurs the faces
-	 *  are deleted and the adjacencies are updated (see deleteIfDegenerated).
-	 *  \warning This may produce two distinct vertices if the edge
-	 *  was the only link between two border faces
-	 *  @param d a dart in the deleted edge
-	 *  @param delDegenerateFaces a boolean (default to true)
-	 */
-	virtual int collapseEdge(Dart d, bool delDegenerateFaces = true, bool delDegenerateVolumes = true);
-
-	//!
-	/*!
-	 *
-	 * @param
-	 * @param
-	 * @param
-	 */
-	virtual void collapseFace(Dart d, bool delDegenerateFaces = true, bool delDegenerateVolumes = true);
-
-	//!
-	/*!
-	 *
-	 */
-	virtual Dart cutSpike(Dart d);
 
 	/*! @name Topological Queries
 	 *  Return or set various topological information
@@ -173,7 +156,16 @@ public:
 	 */
 	bool sameVertex(Dart d, Dart e) ;
 
-	//@{
+	//! Compute the number of edges of the vertex of d
+	/*! @param d a dart
+	 */
+	unsigned int vertexDegree(Dart d) ;
+
+	//! Tell if the vertex of d is on the boundary
+	/*! @param d a dart
+	 */
+	virtual bool isBoundaryVertex(Dart d);
+
 	//! Test if dart d and e belong to the same oriented edge
 	/*! @param d a dart
 	 *  @param e a dart
@@ -186,6 +178,11 @@ public:
 	 */
 	bool sameEdge(Dart d, Dart e) ;
 
+	//! Compute the number of volumes around the edge of d
+	/*! @param d a dart
+	 */
+	unsigned int edgeDegree(Dart d);
+
 	//!Test if dart d and e belong to the same oriented face
 	/*! @param d a dart
 	 *  @param e a dart
@@ -198,34 +195,15 @@ public:
 	 */
 	bool sameFace(Dart d, Dart e);
 
-	/**
-	 * compute the number of edges of the vertex of d
-	 */
-	unsigned int vertexDegree(Dart d) ;
-
-	/**
-	 * compute the number of volumes around the edge of d
-	 */
-	virtual unsigned int edgeDegree(Dart d);
-
-	/**
-	 * compute the number of faces in the volume of d
-	 */
-	unsigned int volumeDegree(Dart d);
-
 	virtual bool check();
+	//@}
 
-	/**
-	 *
-	 */
-	virtual bool isBoundaryVertex(Dart d);
 
 	/*! @name Cell Functors
 	 *  Apply functors to all darts of a cell
 	 *************************************************************************/
 
 	//@{
-
 	/**
 	* Apply a functor on each dart of a face
 	* @param d a dart of the face
diff --git a/src/Topology/gmap/gmap2.cpp b/src/Topology/gmap/gmap2.cpp
index f8a08371fcea8784e6065c02daac3b5a61679291..772c65da936bd7ac823d23513828f8abe98dda9e 100644
--- a/src/Topology/gmap/gmap2.cpp
+++ b/src/Topology/gmap/gmap2.cpp
@@ -73,6 +73,20 @@ bool GMap2::deleteVertex(Dart d)
 	return true ;
 }
 
+void GMap2::insertEdgeInVertex(Dart d, Dart e)
+{
+	assert(!sameVertex(d,e) && phi2(e)==phi_1(e));
+
+	phi1sew(phi_1(d),phi_1(e));
+}
+
+void GMap2::removeEdgeFromVertex(Dart d)
+{
+	assert(phi2(d)!=d);
+
+	phi1sew(phi_1(d),phi2(d));
+}
+
 void GMap2::cutEdge(Dart d)
 {
 	GMap1::cutEdge(d);		// Cut the edge of d
@@ -192,20 +206,6 @@ bool GMap2::flipBackEdge(Dart d)
 	return false ; // cannot flip a border edge
 }
 
-void GMap2::insertEdgeInVertex(Dart d, Dart e)
-{
-	assert(!sameVertex(d,e) && phi2(e)==phi_1(e));
-
-	phi1sew(phi_1(d),phi_1(e));
-}
-
-void GMap2::removeEdgeFromVertex(Dart d)
-{
-	assert(phi2(d)!=d);
-
-	phi1sew(phi_1(d),phi2(d));
-}
-
 void GMap2::sewFaces(Dart d, Dart e)
 {
 	phi2sew(d, e);
@@ -384,45 +384,6 @@ void GMap2::closeMap(DartMarker& marker)
 	}
 }
 
-//DartMarker GMap2::markCCOrientation(Dart d)
-//{
-//	// lock a marker
-//	DartMarker markCC(*this);
-//
-//	// init algo with parameter dart
-//	std::list<Dart> darts_list;
-//	darts_list.push_back(d);
-//	markCC.mark(d);
-//
-//	// use iterator for begin of not yet treated darts
-//	std::list<Dart>::iterator beg = darts_list.begin();
-//
-//	// until all darts treated
-//	while (beg != darts_list.end())
-//	{
-//		Dart d1 = *beg;
-//		// add phi<1> and phi<2> successor if they are not yet marked
-//		Dart d2 = beta2(beta0(d1));
-//		Dart d3 = beta1(beta0(d1));
-//
-//		if (!markCC.isMarked(d2))
-//		{
-//			darts_list.push_back(d2);
-//			markCC.mark(d2);
-////			markCC.mark(beta0(d2));
-//		}
-//		if (!markCC.isMarked(d3))
-//		{
-//			darts_list.push_back(d3);
-//			markCC.mark(d3);
-////			markCC.mark(beta0(d3));
-//		}
-//		// step to next dart of list
-//		beg++;
-//	}
-//	return markCC;
-//}
-
 /*! @name Topological Queries
  *  Return or set various topological information
  *************************************************************************/
@@ -452,6 +413,30 @@ bool GMap2::sameVertex(Dart d, Dart e)
 	return false;				// None is equal to e => vertices are distinct
 }
 
+unsigned int GMap2::vertexDegree(Dart d)
+{
+	unsigned int count = 0 ;
+	Dart dNext = d ;
+	do
+	{
+		++count ;
+		dNext = alpha1(dNext) ;
+	} while (dNext != d) ;
+	return count ;
+}
+
+bool GMap2::isBoundaryVertex(Dart d)
+{
+	Dart dNext = d ;
+	do
+	{
+		if(beta2(dNext) == dNext)
+			return true ;
+		dNext = alpha1(dNext) ;
+	} while (dNext != d) ;
+	return false ;
+}
+
 bool GMap2::sameOrientedVolume(Dart d, Dart e)
 {
 	DartMarkerStore mark(*this);	// Lock a marker
@@ -514,30 +499,6 @@ bool GMap2::sameVolume(Dart d, Dart e)
 	return false;
 }
 
-unsigned int GMap2::vertexDegree(Dart d)
-{
-	unsigned int count = 0 ;
-	Dart dNext = d ;
-	do
-	{
-		++count ;
-		dNext = alpha1(dNext) ;
-	} while (dNext != d) ;
-	return count ;
-}
-
-bool GMap2::isBoundaryVertex(Dart d)
-{
-	Dart dNext = d ;
-	do
-	{
-		if(beta2(dNext) == dNext)
-			return true ;
-		dNext = alpha1(dNext) ;
-	} while (dNext != d) ;
-	return false ;
-}
-
 bool GMap2::check()
 {
 	CGoGNout << "Check: topology begin" << CGoGNendl;
diff --git a/src/Topology/gmap/gmap3.cpp b/src/Topology/gmap/gmap3.cpp
index 016a74e3ec98d9c601a4943fb0c8d829cb795bf8..e70e06812a33d33356a02e8c78008b47b6ef6a21 100644
--- a/src/Topology/gmap/gmap3.cpp
+++ b/src/Topology/gmap/gmap3.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,11 @@
 namespace CGoGN
 {
 
-void GMap3::deleteOrientedVolume(Dart d)
+/*! @name Generator and Deletor
+ *  To generate or delete volumes in a 3-map
+ *************************************************************************/
+
+void GMap3::deleteVolume(Dart d)
 {
 	DartMarkerStore mark(*this);				// Lock a marker
 	bool found = false;					// Last functor return value
@@ -71,61 +75,9 @@ void GMap3::deleteOrientedVolume(Dart d)
 		GMap1::deleteFace(*face);
 }
 
-
-
-
-
-void GMap3::sewVolumes(Dart d, Dart e)
-{
-	assert(faceDegree(d) == faceDegree(e));
-
-	Dart fitD = d ;
-	Dart fitE = e ;
-	do
-	{
-		phi3sew(fitD,fitE);
-		fitD = phi1(fitD) ;
-		fitE = phi_1(fitE) ;
-	} while(fitD != d) ;
-}
-
-void GMap3::unsewVolumes(Dart d)
-{
-	Dart fitD = d;
-	do
-	{
-		phi3unsew(fitD);
-		fitD = phi1(fitD);
-	} while(fitD != d);
-}
-
-bool GMap3::mergeVolumes(Dart d)
-{
-	Dart e = phi3(d) ;
-	if(e != d)
-	{
-		unsewVolumes(d);
-		GMap2::mergeVolumes(d, e); // merge the two volumes along common face
-		return true ;
-	}
-	return false ;
-}
-
-void GMap3::splitFace(Dart d, Dart e)
-{
-	GMap2::splitFace(d,e);
-
-	if (phi3(d) != d)
-	{
-		Dart dd = phi1(phi3(d));
-		Dart ee = phi1(phi3(e));
-
-		GMap2::splitFace(dd,ee);
-
-		phi3sew(phi_1(d), phi_1(ee));
-		phi3sew(phi_1(e), phi_1(dd));
-	}
-}
+/*! @name Topological Operators
+ *  Topological operations on 3-maps
+ *************************************************************************/
 
 void GMap3::cutEdge(Dart d)
 {
@@ -167,120 +119,20 @@ void GMap3::cutEdge(Dart d)
 	}
 }
 
-int GMap3::collapseEdge(Dart d, bool delDegenerateFaces,
-		bool delDegenerateVolumes)
-{
-	Dart e = d;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	//stocke un brin par volume autour de l'arete
-	std::list<Dart> tmp;
-	do
-	{
-		tmp.push_back(e);
-		e = alpha2(e);
-		i++;
-	} while (e != d);
-
-	for (std::list<Dart>::iterator it = tmp.begin(); it != tmp.end(); ++it)
-	{
-		Dart e = phi2(*it);
-
-		cutSpike(e);
-
-		Dart t1=e,t2=e;
-		//si les faces opposées ont un tetraedre cousu
-		if(phi3(phi2(phi1(e))) != phi2(phi1(e))) {
-			t1 = phi3(phi2(phi1(e)));
-			unsewVolumes(t1);
-		}
-
-		if(phi3(phi2(phi_1(e))) != phi2(phi_1(e))) {
-			t2 = phi3(phi2(phi_1(e)));
-			unsewVolumes(t2);
-		}
-
-		if(t1 != e && t2 != e) {
-			sewVolumes(t1,t2);
-		}
-
-		//unsewVolumes(e);
-		//unsewVolumes(*it);
-
-		deleteOrientedVolume(*it);
-	}
-
-	return i;
-}
-
-//TODO
-void GMap3::collapseFace(Dart d, bool delDegenerateFaces,
-		bool delDegenerateVolumes)
+void GMap3::splitFace(Dart d, Dart e)
 {
-	Dart e = d;
-	std::list<Dart> tmp;
-
-	//save a dart from the edge for all neighbors
-	do
-	{
-		//if(phi3(phi2(e)) != phi2(e))
-		//		tmp.push_back(phi3(phi2(e)));
-		tmp.push_back(phi3(phi2(e)));
-		e = phi1(e);
-	}while(e != d);
-
-	//del the last one (n-1 edge collapse)
-	tmp.pop_back();
-
-	//CGoGNout << "#voisin=" << tmp.size() << CGoGNendl;
+	GMap2::splitFace(d,e);
 
-	//collapse all the edges in the list
-	for(std::list<Dart>::iterator it = tmp.begin() ; it != tmp.end() ; ++it)
+	if (phi3(d) != d)
 	{
-		Dart d = *it;
-		//CGoGNout << "collapseEdge" << CGoGNendl;
-		//collapseEdge(*it, delDegenerateFaces, delDegenerateVolumes);
-		//stocke un brin par volume autour de l'arete
-
-		Dart e = d;
-
-		//stocke un brin par volume autour de l'arete
-		std::list<Dart> tmpedge;
-		do
-		{
-			tmpedge.push_back(e);
-			e = alpha2(e);
-		} while (e != d);
-
-		for (std::list<Dart>::iterator it = tmpedge.begin(); it != tmpedge.end(); ++it)
-		{
-			Dart e = phi2(*it);
-
-			cutSpike(e);
-
-			Dart t1=e,t2=e;
-			//si les faces opposées ont un tetraedre cousu
-			if(phi3(phi2(phi1(e))) != phi2(phi1(e))) {
-				t1 = phi3(phi2(phi1(e)));
-				unsewVolumes(t1);
-			}
-
-			if(phi3(phi2(phi_1(e))) != phi2(phi_1(e))) {
-				t2 = phi3(phi2(phi_1(e)));
-				unsewVolumes(t2);
-			}
+		Dart dd = phi1(phi3(d));
+		Dart ee = phi1(phi3(e));
 
-			if(t1 != e && t2 != e) {
-				sewVolumes(t1,t2);
-			}
+		GMap2::splitFace(dd,ee);
 
-			//deleteOrientedVolume(*it);
-		}
+		phi3sew(phi_1(d), phi_1(ee));
+		phi3sew(phi_1(e), phi_1(dd));
 	}
-//	for(std::list<Dart>::iterator it = tmp.begin() ; it != tmp.end() ; ++it)
-//	{
-//		deleteOrientedVolume(*it);
-//	}
 }
 
 Dart GMap3::cutSpike(Dart d)
@@ -345,6 +197,42 @@ Dart GMap3::cutSpike(Dart d)
   return dNew;
 }
 
+void GMap3::sewVolumes(Dart d, Dart e)
+{
+	assert(faceDegree(d) == faceDegree(e));
+
+	Dart fitD = d ;
+	Dart fitE = e ;
+	do
+	{
+		phi3sew(fitD,fitE);
+		fitD = phi1(fitD) ;
+		fitE = phi_1(fitE) ;
+	} while(fitD != d) ;
+}
+
+void GMap3::unsewVolumes(Dart d)
+{
+	Dart fitD = d;
+	do
+	{
+		phi3unsew(fitD);
+		fitD = phi1(fitD);
+	} while(fitD != d);
+}
+
+bool GMap3::mergeVolumes(Dart d)
+{
+	Dart e = phi3(d) ;
+	if(e != d)
+	{
+		unsewVolumes(d);
+		GMap2::mergeVolumes(d, e); // merge the two volumes along common face
+		return true ;
+	}
+	return false ;
+}
+
 /*! @name Topological Queries
  *  Return or set various topological information
  *************************************************************************/
@@ -430,6 +318,91 @@ bool GMap3::sameVertex(Dart d, Dart e)
 	return false;
 }
 
+unsigned int GMap3::vertexDegree(Dart d)
+{
+	int count = 0;
+	DartMarkerStore mv(*this);	// Lock a marker
+
+	std::list<Dart> darts_list;			//Darts that are traversed
+	darts_list.push_back(d);			//Start with the dart d
+	std::list<Dart>::iterator darts;
+
+	mv.mark(d);
+
+	for(darts = darts_list.begin(); darts != darts_list.end() ; ++darts)
+	{
+		Dart dc = *darts;
+
+		//add phi21 and phi23 successor if they are not marked yet
+		Dart d2 = phi2(dc);
+		Dart d21 = phi1(d2); // turn in volume
+		Dart d23 = phi3(d2); // change volume
+
+		if(!mv.isMarked(d21))
+		{
+			darts_list.push_back(d21);
+			mv.mark(d21);
+		}
+
+		if((d23!=d2) && !mv.isMarked(d23))
+		{
+			darts_list.push_back(d23);
+			mv.mark(d23);
+		}
+	}
+
+	DartMarkerStore me(*this);
+
+	for(darts = darts_list.begin(); darts != darts_list.end() ; ++darts)
+	{
+		if(!me.isMarked(*darts))
+		{
+			++count;
+			me.markOrbit(EDGE, *darts);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+bool GMap3::isBoundaryVertex(Dart d)
+{
+	DartMarkerStore mv(*this);			// Lock a marker
+	bool found = false;					// Last functor return value
+
+	std::list<Dart> darts_list;			//Darts that are traversed
+	darts_list.push_back(d);			//Start with the dart d
+	std::list<Dart>::iterator darts;
+
+	mv.mark(d);
+
+	for(darts = darts_list.begin(); !found && darts != darts_list.end() ; ++darts)
+	{
+		Dart dc = *darts;
+
+		//add phi21 and phi23 successor if they are not marked yet
+		Dart d2 = phi2(dc);
+		Dart d21 = phi1(d2); // turn in volume
+		Dart d23 = phi3(d2); // change volume
+
+		if(!mv.isMarked(d21))
+		{
+			darts_list.push_back(d21);
+			mv.mark(d21);
+		}
+
+		if((d23!=d2) && !mv.isMarked(d23))
+		{
+			darts_list.push_back(d23);
+			mv.mark(d23);
+		}
+
+		found = phi3(dc) == dc;
+	}
+
+	return found;
+}
+
 bool GMap3::sameOrientedEdge(Dart d, Dart e)
 {
 	Dart dNext = d;
@@ -461,6 +434,20 @@ bool GMap3::sameEdge(Dart d, Dart e)
 	return false;
 }
 
+unsigned int GMap3::edgeDegree(Dart d)
+{
+	unsigned int deg = 0;
+	Dart e = d;
+
+	do
+	{
+		deg++;
+		e = alpha2(e);
+	} while(e != d);
+
+	return deg;
+}
+
 bool GMap3::sameOrientedFace(Dart d, Dart e)
 {
 	Dart dd = d;
@@ -493,20 +480,6 @@ bool GMap3::sameFace(Dart d, Dart e)
 	return false;
 }
 
-unsigned int GMap3::edgeDegree(Dart d)
-{
-	unsigned int deg = 0;
-	Dart e = d;
-
-	do
-	{
-		deg++;
-		e = alpha2(e);
-	} while(e != d);
-
-	return deg;
-}
-
 bool GMap3::check()
 {
     CGoGNout << "Check: topology begin" << CGoGNendl;
@@ -585,44 +558,6 @@ bool GMap3::check()
     return true;
 }
 
-bool GMap3::isBoundaryVertex(Dart d)
-{
-	DartMarkerStore mv(*this);			// Lock a marker
-	bool found = false;					// Last functor return value
-
-	std::list<Dart> darts_list;			//Darts that are traversed
-	darts_list.push_back(d);			//Start with the dart d
-	std::list<Dart>::iterator darts;
-
-	mv.mark(d);
-
-	for(darts = darts_list.begin(); !found && darts != darts_list.end() ; ++darts)
-	{
-		Dart dc = *darts;
-
-		//add phi21 and phi23 successor if they are not marked yet
-		Dart d2 = phi2(dc);
-		Dart d21 = phi1(d2); // turn in volume
-		Dart d23 = phi3(d2); // change volume
-
-		if(!mv.isMarked(d21))
-		{
-			darts_list.push_back(d21);
-			mv.mark(d21);
-		}
-
-		if((d23!=d2) && !mv.isMarked(d23))
-		{
-			darts_list.push_back(d23);
-			mv.mark(d23);
-		}
-
-		found = phi3(dc) == dc;
-	}
-
-	return found;
-}
-
 /*! @name Cell Functors
  *  Apply functors to all darts of a cell
  *************************************************************************/
@@ -740,12 +675,4 @@ bool GMap3::foreach_dart_of_cc(Dart d, FunctorType& f, unsigned int thread)
 	return found;
 }
 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 } // end namespace